Isikhokelo sokugqibela kwi-LM317 abaguquli: Idatha, iimpawu, kunye nezicelo zabo
2023-12-01 7497

Ikhathalogu

I Lm317 ngumlawuli wevolthi chip rhoqo asetyenziswa kwisekethe, eqatshelwe nge-voltage yayo yokuphuma.Lo mhlaba womgca ulungele uluhlu olukhulu lwezicelo ze-elektroniki, ezinjengeesekethe zombane, i-analog isekethe, kunye nezixhobo ezilungileyo.I-LM317 ihambisa i-voltage yemveliso ethengisayo ngokulawula umahluko phakathi kwegalelo kunye nemveliso, enobunzima bomthwalo oncomekayo kunye nommiselo womgca.

Yintoni i-LM317?

I-LM317 ngumlawuli ohlengahlengisiweyo amathathu osebenzisa i-voltage yangaphakathi yokubhengezwa, evumela uhlengahlengiso lwe-voltage yemveliso ngokusebenzisa abaqeqeshi bangaphandle.Isetyenziswa rhoqo kwisekethe ezahlukeneyo zombane njengomlawuli, ukubonelela ngemveliso yeevolthi ezizinzileyo kunye nokukhusela ngempumelelo isekethe eyalandelayo ukusuka kwi-inftage typecage.

I-Phinaut ye-LM317

Umzobo 1: LM317 IPINOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOTIO

Ukujonga umlawuli wevolthi ukusuka ngaphambili, isikhonkwane sokuqala esingasekhohlo si-adj, embindini, kunye nePIN yokugqibela ngasekunene.

Igalelo (i-VIN): VIN yiPIN efumana i-voltage yegalelo, eya kulawulwa kwi-voltage ethile.

IziphumoInika i-voltage eguqukayo, iqhagamshelwe kwiziphaluka ezifuna ummiselo we-voltage.

Uhlengahlengiso (i-Adj): I-Adj yipini evumela ukulawula ngaphezulu kwemveliso yevolthi.Le pi idla ngokunxibelelana nokuvuselela ngokudibeneyo kunye nePIN yePIN ukuseta i-Votimenti yeNdawo oyifunayo.

Iimpawu ze-LM317

Uluhlu lwe-Vibtage Retige: ihlengahlengiswa ukusuka kwi-1.25v ukuya kwi-37V.

Umthamo wokukhuphela: okwaziyo ukuhambisa i-1.5A yemveliso yangoku.

I-Igalelo le-Igalelo Liverage Umahluko omkhulu: Ubuninzi be-40v, kodwa umahluko obonisiweyo yi-3V ukuya kwi-15v ye-15V yozinzo ngokugqibeleleyo.

Iziphumo zemveliso yangoku ngokwahlukeneyo: 2.2a.

Uzinzo lwe-therm: uhlala uzinzile ngaphakathi kuluhlu lobushushu lwe-0 ukuya kwi-125 ° C.

Ukupakisha: ngokufuthi kuya kubakho kwi-220, i-SET223, kunye ne-263, phakathi kwezinye.

Umgaqo wokuLayisha: Ngokwesiqhelo nge-0.1%.

Ummiselo womgca: Ngokwesiqhelo kwi-0.01% / v.

I-Riple Dela i-Riotio: 80 DB.

IPIN yePIN ngokukho ngoku: Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zisusela kwi-50μa ukuya kwi-100μ1.

Ukukhusela amaqondo obushushu:

Ukukhuselwa kwesekethe okufutshane: kubandakanya ukubeka umda ngaphakathi kwiimeko zesekethe.

Imigaqo-nkqubo ye-LM317

Umzobo 2: Lm317 Umgaqo oSebenzayo

Umgaqo wokuSebenza we-LM317 ujikeleze ukugcina i-voltagest ye-voltage jikelele.Ine-voltage yangaphakathi yokubhengezwa, ngokubhekisele kwi-1.25 volts, esebenza njengophawu lokuhlengahlengiswa kwe-voltage yemveliso yomlawuli.Ngokwahluka kwixabiso lokuchasana ne-R2, i-voltage phakathi kwevoti kunye ne-Adj Tsinals inokuguqulwa, ngaloo ndlela iguqula i-voltage yemveliso kwivoti.Ubukho bama-capacitord C1 kwaye i-C2 iqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesita sesekethe, ukunciphisa ukutshintsha kwe-voltage kunye nengxolo.Ngokukhetha ngokuchanekileyo amaxabiso e-R1 kunye ne-R2, abasebenzisi banokubeka i-voltage yemveliso efunekayo naphi na ukusuka kwi-1.25 volts ukuya kumashumi amane empilweni ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.

Esi sisibonelelo somlawuli we-voltage;Ungayithobela nayiphi na ivolimu kuluhlu oluxhaswayo loMlawuli.

Qaphela: I-capacitors C1 kunye ne-C2 isetyenziselwa ukucocwa kwamandla.I-C1 iyakhethwa kwaye isetyenziselwa ukucocwa kwempendulo yethutyana.Nangona kunjalo, i-C2 iyimfuneko xa isixhobo sikude nakuphi na ukucoca abasebenzi bokucoca, njengoko kunceda ukuthoba imigca yamandla kwimeko ye-spikes yangoku.

Ukuxhathisa / ubalo lwe-voltage ye-LM317

Umzobo 3: LM317 Itshati yoValuvo

Ungasebenzisa le fomula ilandelayo ukubala i-voltage yemveliso (VOut), exhomekeke kumaxabiso okuqesha bangaphandle i-R1 kunye ne-R2.

I-VOut = 1.25V (1 + R2 / R1)

Ngokwesiqhelo, ixabiso le-R1 lilungisiwe kwii-OOHS ezingama-240 (kucetyisiwe), kodwa inokubekwa phakathi kwe-100 ne-1000 ohms.Emva koko, kufuneka ufake ixabiso le-R2 ukwenza ubalo lwe-voltage yemveliso.Kule meko, ukuba i-R2 isebenzisa i-1000 OHMS, ifomula igqitywe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Vout = 1.25x (1 + 1000/240) = 6.453V

Ngokufanayo, ungabala ixabiso le-R2 usebenzisa ifomula efanayo.Ukuba usete i-voltage yakho yemveliso kwi-10v, emva koko unokukwazi ukubala ngexabiso le-R2 ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

I-10 = 1.25X (1 + i-1 + i-R2 / 240) => R2 = 1680ω

Ngoku makhe sijonge umzekelo wokusebenzisa i-LM317:

Lo mfanekiso ungezantsi ubonakalisa umlawuli we-LM317 enxulumene nesekethe, ejolise ekuboneleleni ngokubonelela nge-DC yevolthi ye-DC yesekelo.

Umzobo 4: LM317 isekethe

Kule sekethe, songeza umthombo we-DC kwiPin yeVin yomlawuli.Le pin iphinde ifumane i-voltage yegalelo, i-chip iya kulawula phantsi.I-voltage ingena kule pin kufuneka ingaphezulu kunevoli.Nangona kunjalo, qaphela ukuba umlawuli ulungelelanisa kuphela i-voltage kwinqanaba elithile;Ayisiyo kwaye ayinakho ukuvelisa i-voltage ngokwayo.Yiyo loo nto, ukufezekisa i-Vout yeVidiyo ye-Voltage, i-VIN kufuneka ingaphezulu kunevoti.

Kule sekethe, sifuna isitali esizinzileyoKe ngoko, ukukhutshwa kwe-5V, ngelondla i-7 V kuMlawuli.

Ukujongana nePIN yePIN, ngoku siqhubeka kwiPIN enohlengahlengiso (i-Add).Kuba sinqwenela ukukhutshwa kwe-5 v, kufuneka sibala ukuba leliphi ixabiso le-R2 liya kuvelisa i-5 v iziphumo.

Sebenzisa ifomula yevolthi yemveliso:

I-VOut = 1.25V (1 + R2 / R1)

Ukusukela i-R1 yi-240 Ohms, kunjalo:

5V = 1.25V (1 + R2 / 2402), ke i-R2 = 720ω

Ke ngoko, ngexabiso le-R2 ngo-720 ohms, ukuba ubonelela ngevolthi yegalelo enkulu kune-5 v, lm317 izakuphumeza 5v.

Umzobo 5: LM317 Umzobo

Isikhonkwane sokugqibela se-LM317 liPIN yemveliso, kunye nokubonelela ngesekethe kunye neeVolts ezi-5 ezilawulwayo, siyidibanisa kwiPIN yemveliso.

Ungayisebenzisa njani i-LM317

Icandelo le-LM317 lilawula umahluko 1.25V phakathi kwemveliso kunye nezikhonkwane zohlengahlengiso.Unokutshintsha iziphumo ngokusebenzisa abaqeqeshi ababini phakathi kwemveliso kunye nemikhombe yokufaka.

Ukongeza, amandla amabini ahlobisayo angadityaniswa kwisekethe.Esi sicwangciso sinceda ukuphelisa ukudibanisa okungafunekiyo kwaye kuthintele ingxolo.

I-1if cationcitor iqhagamshelwe kwimveliso iphucula impendulo yethutyana.Ngapha koko, unokuyisebenzisa njengomlawuli oguquguqukayo ngokuchofoza i-ponstiometer kwiPIN ye-PIN.

Abaqeqesha kunye ne-potentioufters basebenza kunye ukwenza umahluko onokubakho oyimfuneko kwimveliso elawulwa.

Umzobo 6: LM317 Umzobo wesekethe

I-ACS elinganayo kwi-LM317

Ezinye iimodeli ze-LM317 zibandakanya: lm7805, lm7806, lm7812, lm113, lm117, kunye ne-LCC620622mp.

Iimodeli ezilinganayo kwi-LM317: LT1086, LM11117 (i-SMD), PB137, kunye ne-LM137, kunye ne-LM337 (Umlawuli weVidiyo engaqhelekanga).

Ukukhusela njani isekethe ye-LM317

Ukukhusela isekefini ye-LM317 kubalulekile ukuthintela ukonakala.Ngenxa yokunyuswa kwamandla, izinto zingagqithisa ngexesha lokusebenza.Ngesi sizathu, isinki esishiyiweyo siqhele ukukhusela i-ic kwi-torate.Ukongeza, ngenxa yendawo ephantsi yoTshintsho, amachaphaza angaphandle anokukhupha.Ke ngoko, ii-Dedos zongezwa kwezinye iinkqubo zokuthintela i-capacitor.

I-Diode D1 ikhusela i-capacitor ekukhutsheni ngexesha lesekethe elifutshane, ngelixa i-Diode D2 isetyenziselwa ukubonelela nge-cadj ngexesha lesekenkene elifutshane.Ukufezekisa umlinganiso ophezulu wokucinezelwa, ukugqitha kwi-terminal.

Umzobo 7: LM317 umzobo wesekethe

Isishwankathelo, i-LM317 yi-chip yomgaqo-nkqubo osetyenziswayo wevolthi esetyenziswayo ebonelela nge-inftage yemveliso yokubonelela ngokulawula umahluko phakathi kwegalelo kunye nemveliso.Isiphoso sayo kunye neeparamitha zinceda iinjineli zisebenza ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ziqwalasele le chip ukufezekisa uzinzo lwamandla ofunekayo kunye nokuthembeka.