Uhlalutyo olubanzi olupheleleyo lwangoku kunye nokutshintsha okwangoku
2024-07-04 7513

Khuphela okwangoku kwaye ukutshintsha okwangoku yimimandla emibini esisiseko yeenkqubo zamahashe zanamhlanje, nganye ineempawu ezizodwa kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.Iinjineli zoMbane kunye neeNkcitho kufuneka ziqonde ezi fomu zimbini kunye nezicelo zazo.Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ngokweenkcukacha iinkcazo, iimpawu, iindlela zokulinganisa, ukubala amandla, kubalo lwamandla, kunye nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kwendawo eyahlukileyo kunye nokutshintsha okwangoku kwimihlaba eyahlukeneyo.Ukongeza, siya kwazisa ukuba zifakwe njani ezi fotali kwinkqubo yokuguqulwa kwamandla kunye nommiselo ukuze afezekise iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa.Ngokuhlalutya ngokupheleleyo kwezi mxholo, abafundi baya kuba nakho ukuqonda ngcono imigaqo-siseko yokusebenza kweenkqubo zombane kwaye iphucule amandla abo okusebenza kwizicelo ezisebenzayo.

Ikhathalogu

Umzobo 1: Ukutshintsha i-vs okwangoku

Yintoni i-DC Voltage?

Ngqo ngqo (DC) ibhekisa kwintshukumo yokuhlawula ngombane.Ngokungafaniyo nokutshintsha okwangoku, apho ii-electroni zitshintshe kwicala elifanelekileyo, i-DC igcina indlela eqingqiweyo ye-elektroni.Umzekelo oqhelekileyo we-DC yiseli ye-electrochemical, apho i-Chemical Remple ivelisa i-voltage eqinileyo evumela ukuba ihambe ngokuqhubekayo kwisekethe.I-DC ingadlula kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ezisebenzayo, ezinjengeengcingo, i-semicondlators, izikhali, kunye ne-vacuum.Umzekelo, i-Eleam ye-elektroni okanye i-ion kwi-vacuum imele i-DC.

Umzobo 2: I-DC yeVoltical Umgaqo-nkqubo

Kwixa elidlulileyo, i-DC yabizwa ngokuba yi-Galvanic yangoku, ebizwa emva kwe-Italian Sociest Luigi Galiva.Izifinyezo ze-AC kunye ne-DC zime ukutshintsha inye yangoku kwaye zithi ngqo, ngokulandelelana.Ukuguqula i-AC ukuya kwi-DC, i-rectifier iyafuneka.I-rectifier iqulethe icandelo le-elektroniki, elinjengeDiode, okanye icandelo le-elektroniki, ezinje ngeSwitch, elivumela okwangoku ukuba liphume kwicala elinye kuphela.Kwelinye icala, i-inverter ingasetyenziselwa ukuguqula i-DC kwi-AC.

I-DC isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwitekhnoloji yale mihla.Ayizizo kuphela izixhobo ezisiseko zebhetri kodwa neentlobo ngeentlobo zeenkqubo ze-elektroniki kunye nemali.Kwiinkqubo ezifana nokunyibilika kwe-aluminium, izixa ezikhulu zentengiso ezikhoyo zingasetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kwezinto.Ukongeza, ezinye zeenkqubo zoololiwe ezidolophini zisebenzisa ngqo okwangoku ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo nangokufanelekileyo.I-Volticary ephezulu yangokuUkusebenza kakuhle kunye nokulahleka okuphantsi kweenkqubo ze-HVDC zenza ukuba zilungele ukuxhaphake, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla amakhulu.

Iinkqubo ze-AC / DC I-Vight Poight Spices zenzelwe ukuphatha i-voltage ephezulu yokutshintsha intetho yangoku kwaye ikhokele okwangoku.Ezi nkqubo zivelisa kwaye zihambise izithembiso ezikhoyo, ze-voltage ephakamileyo yangoku kwiinkqubo zemizi-mveliso, uphando lwezenzululwazi, uvavanyo lwe-elektroniki, kunye neenkqubo zamandla.Ezi zixhobo zokuhambisa amandla zenzelwe ngononophelo ukubonelela ngononophelo kunye nokuthembeka ukufezekisa iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zobungcali kunye nezamashishini.

Yintoni ivoldage ye-AC?

Ukutshintsha okwangokuNgexesha lomjikelo omnye ngokupheleleyo, ixabiso eliphakathi le-AC li-zero, ngelixa ngqo (DC) ligcina indlela yokuhambahamba rhoqo.Eyona nto iphambili kwi-AC yi-wavesform yayo, ehlala i-sne wave, eqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kunye nezinzileyo.

Umzobo 3: Umgaqo-nkqubo weVoltical Worting

I-Sinsusyoidal AC ixhaphakile kwiinkqubo zamandla kwihlabathi liphela.Zombini izinto zokuhlala kunye nemizi-mveliso yamandla eMisesha esebenzisa ngokubanzi i-sinsusyoidal AC kuba inciphisa ilahleko yamandla ngexesha lokuhambisa kwaye kulula ukuvelisa kunye nokulawula.Ukongeza kumaza e-Sine, i-AC inokuthatha kwakhona uhlobo lwamaza oxarilari kunye namaza esikwere.Ezi zicelo zilungelwayo ziluncedo kwizicelo ezithile, ezinjengokulungiswa kwesibonakaliso kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki kunye nemisebenzi ethile yokuguqula yamandla, apho amaza oTlousi okanye angunxantathu anokusebenza ngakumbi kunamaza esine

Uhlobo lwe-cycccal ye-AC lwenza ukuba lilungele ukuhambisa umgama omde.Abaguquleli banokunyuka ngokulula okanye ezantsi kwivolthi ye-AC, ukunciphisa ilahleko yamandla ngexesha lokuhambisa.Ngokwahlukileyo, i-DC ifuna ukuguqula okunzima kunye neenkqubo zolawulo zokuhambisa umgama omde, ngoko ke kufanelekile ukuba kusetyenziswe ngokukodwa kwimizi-mveliso kunye nezicelo zomlingane.

I-AC R frequency iyahluka ukusuka kwingingqi ukuya kwingingqi.Umzekelo, uMntla Merika kwaye amanye amazwe asebenzisa i-60 hertz (HZ), ngelixa ezinye iindawo ezininzi zisebenzisa i-50 hz.Le mahluko rhoqo-phindo ichaphazela uyilo kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo zombane, ukuqwalaselwa ngononophelo kuyafuneka xa imveliso isebenza nokusebenzisa izixhobo kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo.Ngokubanzi, amandla e-AC asetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumakhaya, amashishini, kunye namashishini endlela yayo yokuguqula, ukusebenza okuphezulu, kunye nokuqalisa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.

Zithini iisimboli ze-DC kunye ne-voltage?

Kubunjineli bombane, i-DC kunye ne-voltage ye-DC imelwe ziimpawu ezahlukileyo.Umlinganiswa we-Unicode U + 2393, odla ngokuboniswa njenge "⎓", uhlala esetyenziswa kwizicelo ze-DC, efanekisela ulwalathiso oluqhubekayo lwe-DC.Kwi-Multimeter, i-DC Voltage ifanelwe yi-capital "v" ngomgca othe tye ngaphezulu kwayo (-V), ebonisa uluhlu lwemilinganiselo ye-DC voltage ye-DC.

Kwimizobo yesekethe, isimboli somthombo we-DC, enjengebhetri, iqulethe imigca emibini efanayo: umgca oqinileyo kunye nomgca ochithwayo.Umgca oqinileyo umele isibonda esihle (+) kunye nomgca otshisiweyo umele isibonda esingalunganga (-).Olu luyilo lubonisa i-polarey yoMthombo weVoltage ye-DC kunye nendlela yokuhamba kwangoku.Ngokukodwa, umgca omde ubonakalisa isibonda esihle, esinxulunyaniswa nobuchule obuphezulu okanye i-voltage, ngelixa umgca omfutshane ubonakalisa isibonda esingalunganga, esinxulunyaniswa nendawo esezantsi.Olu phawu lusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kwi-elektroniki yesekethe, nangona kunokubakho i-a ariat i-ion esekwe kwimigangatho eyahlukeneyo.

Umzobo 4: I-DC Voltial Voltiage

Kwelinye icala, ivoltage ye-AC imelwe yi-capital "v" ngomgca we-wavy ngaphezulu kwayo.Lo mgca we-wavy ubonakalisa utshintsho lwexesha le-AC okwangoku.Ngokungafaniyo ne-DC, ulwalathiso kunye nevolthi yotshintsho lwangoku, kwaye iWavy Rill ngokufanelekileyo idlulisela lo phawu.Kwizixhobo zombane kunye nezixhobo zokuvavanya, le ncwadana yevolda yevolthi inceda iinjineli kunye neengcali zangaselula zichonga kwaye zilinganisa ivolumu ye-AC.

Umzobo 5: Isimboli yevolthi yevolthi

Ukuchongwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweempawu ze-DC kunye neesimboli zevolthi ye-DC qinisekisa uyilo oluchanekileyo kunye nokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo zombane.Nokuba kwimizobo yesekethe okanye ngexesha lokukhutshwa kwezixhobo kunye nolondolozo, iisimboli ezisemgangathweni zinciphisa ukungaqondani kunye neempazamo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle nokhuseleko.

Indlela yokulinganisa i-DC kunye ne-voltage ye-AC nge-Multeter

Ukulinganisa i-DC Voltage

Xa i-DC yokulinganisa i-DC nge-Multage ene-mfundo, amanyathelo alula.Masithathe ibhetri njengomzekelo.

Ukulungiselela:Susa ibhetri kwifowuni kwaye, ukuba ukulinganisa ibhetri yemoto, jika izibane zentloko kangangemizuzu emibini kwaye emva koko uye kuzinza ibhetri.

• Qhagamshela i-POPOES:Iplagi i-probe emnyama kwisokethi ye-com kunye ne-probe ebomvu kwisokethi ebhalwe i-DC Voltage (njenge-Vω okanye i-Vω okanye i-Vω okanye i-Vω okanye i-Vω okanye i-Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω okanye Vω

• fikelela kwi-terminals yebhetri:Beka i-probe emnyama kwi-termi (-) yesiphelo kunye ne-probe ebomvu kwi-terminal elungileyo (+).

Funda ngexabiso:Jonga kwaye urekhode i-voltage eboniswe kwi-Multimeter.Eli xabiso libonisa umgangatho ohlawulwayo webhetri.

• Nqamla:Susa i-Probe ebomvu kuqala, emva koko uphononongo olumnyama.

Umzobo 6: Ukulinganisa i-DC Voltage

Ukulinganisa i-cal flow

Ukulinganisa i-cal ivoltage ifuna indlela eyahlukileyo kancinci.Nantsi indlela:

Misela i-Multeeter yakho:Jika ucofe kwindawo yevolthi yevolthi ye-AC

• Qhagamshela ukukhokelwa:Iplagi enkulu kwi-com jack ye-com kunye ne-red Fid kwi-vω jack.

• Thetha isekethe:Chukumisa umnyama kukhokelela kwinxalenye enye yesekethe kwaye ibomvu kukhokelela kwenye.Qaphela ukuba i-caltage ye-ac ayinaphumlo.

Amanyathelo okhuseleko:Gcina iminwe yakho kude neengcebiso zocingo kwaye uphephe ukuvumela iingcebiso zichukumise omnye komnye ukuthintela ukothuka kombane.

Funda ngexabiso:Qwalasela umlinganiso kwisibonisi, kwaye xa ugqibile, susa isikhokelo esibomvu kuqala, emva koko kukhokelwe kumnyama.

Umzobo 7: Ukulinganisa i-cal ivolthi ye-cac

Iingcebiso zePro

Kwi-DC Voltage, ukuba ukufunda akuthethi, tshintsha i-pickes ukufumana ukufunda ngokuchanekileyo.Ixabiso liya kuhlala lifana.Lumka xa usebenzisa i-antog ye-analog ye-analog;Ukubuyisa i-proces kunokulimaza isixhobo.Ukulandela le nkqubo iqinisekisa imilinganiselo yevidiyo echanekileyo kunye nokusebenza okukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo zombane.

Ubala njani amandla e-DC kunye namandla e-AC?

Umzobo 8: Ungabala njani amandla e-DC kunye namandla e-AC

Ukubala amandla e-DC

Ukubala amandla kwisekethe ye-DC, ungasebenzisa umthetho we-OHM.Nantsi indlela:

Chonga i-voltage

Sebenzisa ifomula v = i * r.

Umzekelo: Ukuba okwangoku (i) yi-0.5 a (okanye i-500 ma) kunye nokuchasana (R) yi-100 ω, emva koko:

V = 0.5 A * 100 ω = 50 v

Bala amandla

Sebenzisa ifomula p = v * i.

Umzekelo: Xa v = 50 v kunye ne = 0.5 A:

P = 50 v * 0.5 a = 25 w

Guqula iiyunithi ze-voltage

Ukuguqula ukuya kwi-kilovolts (kv): Yahlula-hlulwa nge-1 000.

Umzekelo: 17,250 VDC / 1,000 = 17.25 kvdc

Ukuguqula ukuya kwi-millivolts (MV): Phinda-phinda nge-1 000.

Umzekelo: 0.03215 VDC * I-1,000 = 32.15 VDC

Ukubala amandla e-AC

Ukubala amandla e-AC kunzima kakhulu ngenxa yobume bexesha le-voltage nangoku.Nantsi isikhokelo esineenkcukacha:

Ukuqonda amaxabiso anomdla

Kwisekethe ye-AC, i-voltage kwaye yahlukile okwangoku.Amandla anomdla (p) yimveliso ye-voltageal voltage (v) kunye ne-vietaneaneousd yangoku (i).

I-avareji yoMandla

I-avareji yamandla ngaphezulu komjikelo omnye uyasetyenziswa.Oku kubalwa kusetyenziswa i-RMs (ingcambu yentsingiselo yesikwere) amaxabiso evolthi kunye okwangoku.

Amandla antsonkothileyo

Ivezwe njengo = v * i *.V kwaye ndingamaxabiso e-RMS yevolthi kwaye ngokulandelelana.Mna * sisivumelwano esinzima sangoku.

Izinto zamandla kwisekethe

Amandla asebenzayo (P): Amandla enene asebenza.

P = | s |cos φ = | i | ^ r = | v | ^ 2 / kutheni | ^ r

Amandla asebenzayo (q): Amandla agcinwe kwaye akhutshwe ngezinto ezisebenzayo.

Q = | S |Isono φ = | i | ^ 2 * X = | v | ^ 2 / kutheni | x

Amandla abonakalayo (s)

| S |= √ (p ^ 2 + q ^ 2)

Umzekelo we-ACK

Bala i-RMs Voltage kwaye okwangoku

Thatha i-vms = 120 v kunye ne-IRMS = 5 a kwisekethe ye-AC.

Chonga amandla abonakalayo

S = VRMS * I-IRMS = 120 v * 5 A = 600 va

Bala amandla asebenzayo kunye asebenzayo

Ukuba i-angle yenqanaba (φ) li-30 °:

Amandla asebenzayo: P = S Cos φ = 600 va * cos (30 °) = 600 va * 0.866 = 519.6 w

I-q = q = SON SOR

Ngokuqhekeza inyathelo ngalinye kwaye emva kwale miyalelo ineenkcukacha, unokubala ngokuchanileyo amandla e-DC kunye ne-AC, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imilinganiselo yombane yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo.

Ukunyusa i-DC Voltage?

Kwiinkqubo zombane ezikhoyoUmguquli onyusayo luhlobo lwe-DC-DC yamandla e-DC egcina kwaye ikhuphe amandla ngokuvala okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokuvula i-switch voltage kwinqanaba eliphezulu.Olu hlobo lomguquli lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi xa izithembiso zeefilntion ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu ziyafuneka.

Umzobo 9: Ukonyusa iguquli

Ukusebenza komguquli onyusa kubandakanya amanyathelo amabini aphambili:

Tshintsha ukuvala: Xa i-switch ivaliwe, i-inftage yegalelo isetyenziswa kumqhubi.Oku kubangela umhlaba wemagneti kwi-impuku ukuqokelela amandla.

Ukuvula i-Switch: Xa i-switch ivuliwe, amandla agcinwe kumgangatho ukhululwe ukukhutshwa, okukhokelela kwi-voltage yemveliso ephezulu kune-voltage yegalelo.

A boost converter typically includes at least two semiconductor switches (such as diodes and transistors) and an energy storage element (such as an inductor or capacitor).Olu wilo luqinisekisa ukuguqulwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokunyusa i-voltage.

Ukucela abaguquli kunokusetyenziswa bodwa okanye kwi-Cascade yokuphucula i-voltage yemveliso.Le ndlela idibana neemfuno ezithile ze-voltage ephezulu kwizicelo ezinje ngezixhobo zemveliso kunye nezithuthi zombane, ezenza uguqulo lwe-goost icandelo eliphambili kwi-DC voltage.Ukucutha ukugcwalisa i-gostage yevolunti yemveliso kunye nengxolo, iifilitha zisetyenziswa kubaguquli.Ezi filters ziquka amachaphaza okanye indibaniselwano yezinto ezixhaphakileyo kunye namandla.Bagudisa i-voltage yemveliso kwaye banciphise ukuphazamiseka kwi-voltage utshintsho, ukuqinisekisa ukuzizinza kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwenkqubo ngokubanzi.Xa usebenzisa umguquli onyusa, qaphela ukuba ukonyusa i-voltage ngokubanzi kuncipha ngoku ukugcina amandla rhoqo, ngenxa yomthetho wokulondolozwa kwamandla.Ukuqonda oku kunganceda ngendlela efanelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwabaguqulisi.

Ekutshintsheni iinkqubo zombane ezikhoyoAbaguquleli basebenza ngokufaka i-voltage kwisibini esikwinqanaba lesibini ngokutshintsha kwemagnethi etshintshileyo yi-AC okwangoku.Nangona kunjalo, kuba i-DC yangoku ihlala ihleli kwaye ayidali i-magnetic rimili, abaguquki abanakukhuphela i-voltage kwinkqubo ye-DC.Ke ngoko, kwinkqubo ye-DC yamandla, kuyafuneka umguquli onyusa i-voltage, ngelixa i-buck crestmer isetyenziselwa ukuhla kwe-voltage.

Ungayinciphisa njani i-DC Voltage?

Kwiinkqubo zombane ezikhoyoEndaweni yoko, iindlela ezinje ngokuthi "ukupheliswa kwe-resistor-esekwe engcungcuthekiswa kwe-voltage" kunye "nesekethe i-Voltiages Diserser" zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.Apha ngezantsi, sichaza iindlela zombini ezisebenzisa ibhetri ye-12-volt njengomthombo wamandla we-DC kunye ne-6-Volt, isibane se-6

Sebenzisa i-voltage ye-voltage-yokunciphisa ukunciphisa

Umzobo we-10: Umzobo we-Wiring Wiltage voltage

I-voltageng ye-voltage-ukunciphisa ukunciphisa i-vortage yindlela elula nesetyenziswayo ukunciphisa i-voltage ngokudibanisa ukurhoxisa ixabiso elifanelekileyo kwisekethe.Lo mvuzo ungcepheshelo lomthwalo, ukwabelana ngenxalenye yevolthi ukuze umthwalo ufumana i-voltage esezantsi.Nantsi amanyathelo athile:

Chonga iyonke: Ngokusekwe kumandla kunye nevoldage yomthwalo, ukubala iyonke.Umzekelo, kwi-6v, i-6v, i-6Wen ye-halogn, i-I = p / v = 6w / 6v = 1a

Bala ungcelele wokuxhathisa ungcelele: Ukwenzela ukunciphisa i-12 v ukuya kwi-6 v, umqeshwa wengcekisela kufuneka athwale i-6v voltage.Ngokomthetho ka-Ohm r = v / i, i-R = 6v / 1a = 6ω

Khetha amandla afanelekileyo okubambisa: Amandla afunelwa ngumqendu kwi-P = v × i = 6v × 1a = 6w, ngoku, khetha umphenduli onamandla ane-6 W.

Emva kokudibanisa okusentanga kwi-6 ω, okwangoku kwi-1A, kodwa umqendu uza kwabelana ngevolthi ye-6 v ukuze umthwalo osebenzela i-6-voltage.Nangona le ndlela ilula, ayisebenzi kakuhle kuba umgcino osela amandla.Ilungele imijikelezo elula enemilinganiselo yamandla asezantsi.

Isekethe ye-Voltage Grantiider

Isekethe ye-Voltage yindlela eguquguqukayo yokunciphisa i-voltage, esebenzisa abaqeqeshi ababini ukuba benze i-voliegege distaged kwaye bafumane ukusasazwa kwe-voltage.

Khetha amaxabiso emisele: Khetha ii-resistors ezimbini ezisisigxina (i-R1 kunye ne-R2) ukwenza isiQinisekiso seVolvage.Ukunciphisa i-12V ukuya kwi-6V, khetha i-R1 = R2, ngoko ke umqeshwa ngamnye wabelana ngesiqingatha sevolthi.

Qhagamshela isekethe: Qhagamshela abaqeqesheni ababini ngothotho.Faka isicelo se-12V lonke ungcelele, kwaye uthathe i-voltage ukusuka kumda ophakathi njengombane wemveliso.Umzekelo, ukuba i-R1 kunye ne-R2 zombini i-6ω, indawo ephakathi iya kuba ne-6v.

Qhagamshela umthwalo: Qhoboshela umthwalo kwi-node ephakathi yesekethe ye-voltage ye-voltage kunye neserti.Iziphumo ze-voltage discrageider yesekethe yi-voltage yegalelo lomthwalo.

Umzobo 11: I-Voltage Screen Diserpager

Le ndlela ivumela uhlengahlengiso lwe-voltage eguqukayo ngoyilo lwesekethe ye-Voltage kwaye ilungele izicelo ezahlukeneyo.Qinisekisa ukuba ifuthe lomthwalo ekuchanyoni lithathwa njengezilondolozwa ngamavoti okuzinzileyo.

Ungayinciphisa njani ukusetyenziswa kwamandla?

Imibala ephakamileyo yomoya inokuba yimbi, kodwa kukho iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwemeko yomoya.Ezi ngcebiso azizukuthumela kuphela imali kwibhili yakho yombane kodwa ziya kwandisa ubomi bendawo yakho yomoya kwaye uphucule ukusebenza kwawo.Nazi ezinye zeengcebiso ezisebenzayo.

Umzobo we-12: Iingcebiso zokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwemeko yomoya

Cima i-air covitioner yakho xa ingasetyenziswanga

Soloko ucima i-themonite yakho yomoya xa ungayifuni.Eli nyathelo lilula linokonga umbane omkhulu.Nokuba kwimowudi yokulinda, indlela yomoya isebenzisa amandla, ke iguqula ngokupheleleyo inceda ekuphepheni ukusetyenziswa kwamandla angeyomfuneko.

Gcina i-conditioner yakho kwiqondo lobushushu elifanelekileyo

Seta indawo yakho yomoya ukuya kwinqanaba lobushushu obufanelekileyo kunye namandla anjenge-78-82 ° F (26-28 ° C) ehlotyeni.Useto lobushushu olusezantsi lunyusa umthwalo womsebenzi womoya kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.

Rhoqo gcina i-themonite yakho

Ulondolozo oluqhelekileyo lubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni i-air conditioner yakho ibaleka ngokufanelekileyo.Iifilitha ezicocekileyo, jonga i-condenser kunye ne-Evaporator, kunye nokuzalisa i-frientranti njengoko kufuneka.La manyathelo anokuphucula intsebenzo yakho ye-moya kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.

Guqula iiyunithi ezindala okanye eziphosakeleyo

Ukuba phawula ukuba ukusela amandla akho kunyuke kakhulu ngaphandle kokulungiswa rhoqo, kunokuba lixesha lokuba kuthathe indawo yakho yomoya.Iimodeli ezintsha zihlala zinomyinge ophezulu wokusebenza ophezulu (i-EER), enokunciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.

Thengisa okanye uphucule i-air comoner yakho yakudala

Cinga ngokuthengisa okanye ukufaka endaweni yomoya wakho wakudala onomzekelo omtsha.Iindlela zomoya zanamhlanje zisebenzisa itekhnoloji efanelekileyo yokunciphisa iindleko zakho zombane.

Sebenzisa izixhobo zokupholisa ezincedisayo

Ukubaleka i-fan fan ecaleni kwendlela yomoya inokuphucula ukujikeleza komoya kwaye kuphole igumbi ngokukhawuleza.Oku kuvumela indawo yomoya ukuba isebenze ixesha elifutshane, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.

Khetha izixhobo ze-iOI yazo

I-Intanethi yeZixhobo (iiot) inokukunceda ukuba ulawule ngokuthe gabalalisa ukutshintshela kunye noseto lobushushu kuseto lomoya wakho.Ezi zixhobo zijika ngokuzenzekelayo i-air conditioner okanye icinyiwe ngokweemfuno zakho, ukuthintela inkunkuma yamandla.Zingakwazi ukulawulwa ngokude nge-smartphone apps.

Iingcango ezivaliweyo kunye neefestile

Xa i-moya yomoya ivuliwe, iingcango kunye neefestile kufuneka zivaliwe ukuthintela umoya obandayo ukubaleka, gcina amaqondo obushushu angaphakathi azinzileyo, unciphise umthwalo womoya, kwaye unciphise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.

Coca i-filitioner yomoya

Ukucoceka kwe-filitioner yendlela yomoya kunefuthe elikhulu ekusebenzeni kwempumelelo kwendawo yomoya.Ukucoca rhoqo okanye ukutshintsha icebo lokucoca i-filter kunokuqinisekisa ukonwaba okuhle, ukunciphisa umthwalo we-compressor, kwaye unciphise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.

Khusela ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo

Qiniseka ukuba i-compressor ye-moya ifakwe kwindawo epholileyo.Ukukhanya kwelanga ngokuthe ngqo kunokugqitha i-compressor, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-compressor, kwaye kwandise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.Faka i-sunsade ngaphezulu kweyunithi yangaphandle okanye ubeke kwindawo epholileyo.

Ngezi ndlela, unokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwi-condioner yomoya, gcina iindleko zombane zenyanga, kunye nokonyusa ukusebenza kunye nenkonzo yobomi benkonzo.La manyathelo awasindisanga amandla kuphela kodwa okusingqongileyo.

Izibonelelo kunye nokungancedi kakuhle okwangoku

Umzobo we-13: iimpawu ze-ngqo

IINGXAKI ZOBUCHULE NGOKU

Ngqo kwi-DC (DC) ibonelela ngoncedo olubalulekileyo olubalulekileyo.Ngokungafaniyo notshintsho lwangoku (AC), iinkqubo ze-DC ziphepha ilahleko yamandla ngenxa yamandla asebenzayo, isiphumo solusu, kunye neflogi yevoltage, kwaye ke isebenza ngokufanelekileyo.Oku kusebenza kakuhle kubalulekile kakhulu kwizicelo ezifuna ukuhanjiswa kwamandla ngokufanelekileyo.I-DC ngumgangatho wokugcina ibhetri, efanelekileyo kwimithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo efana nelanga namandla omoya.Iiphaneli zelanga kunye neenjini zomoya zivelisa amandla e-DC, ezigcinwe kwiibhetri kwaye ziguqulwe kwi-AC usebenzisa i-interters ukuze isebenze okanye isetyenziselwe ishishini.

I-DC yamandla ibonelela ngokubonelela nge-voltage ethe tye, i-voltant ye-voltant okanye ikho ngoku ilungele izixhobo ze-elektroniki.Oku kuzinza kunciphisa ukuguqula i-goltage fast kunye nengxolo yombane, ukwenza i-DC Ixabisekile kwimimandla efunwa ngamandla amakhulu anjengezixhobo zonyango kunye nonxibelelwano.I-DC igqwesa kulawulo kunye nommiselo.Ivumela ukuchaneka kombane kunye namanqanaba akhoyo, kuyenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo ezifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo, ezinje ngezithuthi zombane, iinkqubo zombane, kunye neenkqubo zombane.

I-DC ikwakhuselekile, kunye nomngcipheko ongezantsi wokungcangcazela kombane kune-AC.Ngobutyebi obufanelekileyo kunye nokuthathwa kwenkunkuma, iinkqubo ze-DC zinokubonelela ngokhuseleko olukhulu kwimisebenzi ye-voltage ephantsi kwaye zilungele iindawo zasekhaya nezomsebenzi.

Izinto ezingalunganga ze-DC

Nangona kunjalo, i-DC ikwanazo izinto ezingalunganga.Ukudlulisela i-DC ngaphezulu komgama omde awusebenzi.Itekhnoloji ye-DC ephezulu ye-DC (HVDC) inokuphelisa le ngxaki, i-AC ingalungelelanisa ngokulula i-voltage yayo ngoguqulo, iyenza isebenze ngakumbi ixesha elide.Ukwakha iziseko zophuhliso ze-DC kuyabiza kwaye zintsonkothile.Iinkqubo ze-DC zifuna ukuguqulelwa kwe-elektroniki, amantshontsho, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, ukwanda kweendleko zokuqala zotyalo-mali kunye nolondolozo.

Ukuhanjiswa kwamandla e-DC kulinganiselwe.Ngokungafaniyo namandla e-AC, efumaneka ngokulula kwigridi yokusetyenziswa, amandla e-DC ifuna ukuseta okuthile, ezinjengeebhetri, iiphaneli zesola, okanye iiletha.Lo mqobo unciphise ukwamkelwa ngokubanzi kwe-DC kwezinye iindawo.Ukuhambelana nezixhobo ezikhoyo ngomnye umba.Uninzi lwezixhobo zombane kunye nezinto zombane zenzelwe amandla e-AC.Ukuguquguqula ezi zixhobo kumandla e-DC kufuna izixhobo ezongezelelekileyo zokuguqula okanye uhlengahlengiso, ukongeza intsokotha kunye neendleko.

Ukugcinwa kweenkqubo ze-DC kubaluleke ngakumbi.Izinto ezintsonkothileyo ze-elektroniki ezifana ne-interters kunye nabaguquli banokufuna ulondolozo rhoqo kunye nokuhamba nzima.Oku kunganyusa indleko zokusebenza kunye nexesha lokutyalomali lwenkqubo.

Izibonelelo kunye nokungalunganga kokutshintsha okwangoku

Uphawu oluphambili lwenguqulelo yangoku (ac) kukuba i-voltage yayo okanye utshintsho lwangoku ngokuhamba kwexesha, idla ngokuyila i-sene yamaza.Ngokungafaniyo ngokungafaniyo (DC), iakethe ze-Act ayinazo izibonda eziqinisekileyo nezingalunganga kuba indlela yangoku yangoku ihlala itshintsha.I-AC ihlala iveliswa ngabavelisi nge-electromagnetic yokuqhelaniswa.Ukongeza, iflomu yokubonelela nge-AC ingalinyulwa ngokulula okanye ezantsi kusetyenziswa abaguquli, baququzelela ukuhanjiswa kwamandla ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokusasazwa.

Umzobo we-14: iimpawu zokutshintsha okwangoku

Izibonelelo zesekethe

Isekethe ye-AC ineenzuzo ezininzi.Inzuzo enye ephambili kukusetyenziswa kwabaguquli, enza lula ummiselo we-voltage.Iivelisi zingavelisa i-voltage ephezulu kwaye emva koko ziyinyange ukuze ugqithiso lomgama omde, oluphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye kunciphisa ilahleko.I-Vightage ephezulu inciphisa ilahleko yothumelo.

Elinye ingenelelo kukuba i-AC inokuthi iguqulwe ngokulula kwi-DC usebenzisa i-rectifier, ivumela i-AC ukuba inamandla imithwalo eyahlukeneyo ye-DC.I-AC inokuphatha isigaba esinye kunye nemithwalo yesithathu, iyenza ilungele izicelo zomsebenzi kunye nezasekhaya.Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezixhobo ze-AC kunciphise iindleko, ukwenza izixhobo ze-AC, zecompact, kunye nesitayile, ngaloo ndlela zikhuthaza ukwamkelwa kwehlabathi leenkqubo zehlabathi.

Ukungancedi kwisekethe

Ngaphandle kwezibonelelo ezininzi ze-AC, kukho izinto ezingalunganga.I-AC ayifanelekanga kwibhetri yokutshaja ebhetri kuba iibhetri zifuna i-DC ye-DC engapheliyo.Ayifanelekanga ukuba i-electroplast kunye netrayini yombane ngenxa yokuba lo mveliso ufuna indawo ekhoyo kunye nevolthi.

Ingxaki ebalulekileyo ngefuthe lolusu, apho i-AC i-AC yangoku inyibilika ihambe kumphezulu womqhubi, ukwandisa ukunganyangeki okusebenzayo kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kotshintsho lwangoku.Kwisekethe ye-Ac, amaxabiso eziqhelanga kunye namandla ahlukane nerejista, enza uyilo lwesekethe.Izixhobo ze-AC nazo zithanda ukuba nobomi beenkonzo ezimfutshane ngenxa yokuntywila, ingxolo, kunye neziphumo ezihambelana neziphumo.Ukongeza, i-voltage yehla kwisekethe iac zibaluleke kakhulu, zibangela ummiselo we-voltage.Ukuqwalaselwa koyilo kufuneka kunike ingxelo ngendlela yokuziphatha exhomekeke rhoqo kwabaqeqesha, izixhasi, kunye namachaphaza, ezongeza kubunzima.

Izicelo ze-DC

Umzobo 15: Ukusetyenziswa kwe-ngqo

I-elektroniki: Ngqo (i-DC) isetyenziswa kwizixhobo ezininzi ze-elektroniki ezifana neekhompyuter, ii-smartphones, iithelevishini kunye nerediyo.Iisekethe ezihlanganisiweyo kunye nezinto zedijithali kwezi zixhobo zifuna ukubonelelwa okungagungqiyo kwamandla e-DC ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo.Olu mbane uxhaphakileyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo.Ukongeza, izixhobo ezininzi zekhaya, kubandakanya abalandeli bodwa, iinkqubo zesandi, kunye nezixhobo ezenzekelayo ze-Auto, zixhomekeke kumandla e-DC ukuze zisebenze.

Ukuxhoma izixhobo ezincinci: Izixhobo ezininzi eziphathwayo zixhotyiswa ziibhetri, ezibonelela ngamandla e-DC.Imizekelo ibandakanya izibane, ulawulo olude, kunye nabadlali bomculo ophathwayo.Iibhetri zibonelela ngoncedo lwamandla oluzinzileyo, ukuvumela ezi zixhobo zisetyenziswe naphi na ngaphandle kwesidingo sendawo yokuphuma kombane.Olu lwakhiwo luqinisekisa ukuba le zixhobo zinokusebenza ngokuthembekileyo nokuba ngaphandle kwendawo yokuphuma kombane.

Izithuthi zombane: Izithuthi zombane (i-EVs) zixhomekeke kakhulu kumandla e-DC.Iibhetri kwi-EVs igcina amandla e-DC, emva koko iguqulwe ibe ngamandla eqhuba yimoto yombane.Inkqubo yokubiza i-Onboard iguqula amandla e-AC kwiSikhululo sokuThengisa sibe se-DC Mandla ukubiza ibhetri.Le nkqubo ye-DC esebenzayo nenokulawula i-DC iphucula intsebenzo kunye noluhlu lwee-EV.

Iinkqubo ezihlaziyiweyo zamandla: Amandla e-DC asetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zamandla ahlaziyiweyo.Iipaneli zeSolar Photollic (PV) kunye neenjini zomoya zivelisa ngqo okwangoku (i-DC), eziguqulweyo ziyokuqala (i-AC) nge-interters yokudityaniswa kwegridi okanye izicelo zegridi.Oku kuphucula ukusebenza kwamandla kunye nokuxhasa ukuphuculwa kwamandla acocekileyo.Umzekelo, kwi-In-Holar Systems, i-DC iguqulwa nge-interters ukubonelela ngamandla asekhaya athembekileyo.

Unxibelelwano ngolwimi: Unxibelelwano ngonxibelelwano lusebenzisa i-DC ukuqinisekisa ukuba amandla okugcina izibonelelo ezibalulekileyo.Iitorali zeseli, amaziko edatha, kunye nezixhobo zonxibelelwano zihlala ziqhagamshelwe kwiinkqubo ze-DC zokugcina amandla ngexesha lokuphuma kwamandla.Iibhetri kwezi nkqubo ze-DC zinamandla e-DC, zibonelela ngamandla azinzileyo kwiimeko zikaxakeka kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi okuqhubekayo.

Ukuhamba: I-DC iqhele ukusetyenziswa koololiwe bombane, iitram, kunye neenkqubo zewazulu.Iinkqubo zokulandelwa kwemithetho ye-DC zibonelela ngokukhawulezisa ukukhawulezisa nokungafikeleli nge-DC Motors, zenza ukuba balungele ukuthuthwa kololiwe.Esi sicelo siphucula ukuthutha ukusebenza kwamandla ngelixa kuncitshiswa iindleko zokusebenza kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo.

I-electroplaItha: Kwi-electroproplay yemveliso, i-DC isetyenziselwa ukufaka idipozithi yentsimbi ekwenzeni izinto.Ngokulawula i-voltage kwaye okwangoku, inqanaba lokufundela lentsimbi lingalungiswa ngokuchanekileyo ukufumana iziphumo eziphezulu zokungaziphathi kakuhle.Itekhnoloji isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwishishini lemveliso, ngakumbi kwimoto, i-elektroniki, kunye nemizi-mveliso yokuhombisa.

I-welding: I-DC isetyenziswa kwi-welding ukwenza into yokukhutshwa kombane phakathi kwe-electrode ye-welding kunye nomsebenzi.Ubushushu bungasebenziyo bunyibilikisi, ukudala ukufundela izinyithi.Le ndlela ye-Welding ixhaphakile kulwakhiwo, ukuvelisa, kunye nemizi-mveliso yokulungisa kwaye ibonelela ngoqhagamshelo olomeleleyo nolwamileyo.

Uphando novavanyo: Iilebhu zisebenzisa amandla e-DC yokuphanda, ukuvavanywa, kunye nokulinganisa.Izixhobo zovavanyo zifuna umthombo ozinzileyo, ochanekileyo wamandla, kwaye i-DC inokuhlangabezana nezi mfuno.Umzekelo, ukusebenzisa i-DC ukuvavanya izinto ze-elektroniki kuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokuthembeka kweziphumo zovavanyo.

Izicelo zonyango: I-DC isetyenziswa kwizixhobo zezonyango ezinjenge-pacemakers, i-chabrillators, izixhobo ze-elektrocatery, kunye nezixhobo ezithile zokuchonga.Ezi zixhobo zixhomekeke kwi-DC ukuze zilungiswe kwaye zilawulwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba izigulana zifumana unyango oluthembekileyo nolwenziweyo.Sebenzisa i-DC kwizixhobo zonyango akunakuphumelela iziphumo zonyango kodwa ukonyusa uzinzo nobomi bezixhobo.

Ngokuqonda ngezi zicelo, abasebenzisi banokuqonda uqondakala ukusebenza kunye nokubaluleka kwe-DC kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle nokuchaphazeleka kwityala ngalinye lokusebenzisa.

Izicelo ze-AC

Umzobo 16: Usetyenziso lwe-AC

Ukuhamba kwamandla kunye nezomzi mveliso: Enye into ekhoyo (i-AC) ibalulekile kwiinkqubo zamahashe zanamhlanje, ngakumbi ukuthutha amandla kunye nezorhwebo.Phantse yonke ikhaya kunye neshishini lixhomekeke kwi-AC kwiimfuno zabo zemihla ngemihla.Ngokwahlukileyo, ngqo ku-DCUkongeza, kunzima kwi-DC ukuguqula i-voltage ephezulu kwaye iphantsi yangoku kwi-voltage ephantsi kwaye iphezulu, ngelixa i-AC inokwenza lula oku ngenguqu.

Izixhobo zasekhaya: Amandla e-AC Portors Morers, eziguqula amandla ombane kumandla oomatshini.Izixhobo zasekhaya ezinjengeefriji, izitya, ukungasebenzi kwenkunkuma, kunye nee-oveni zonke zixhomekeke kwi-AC ukuba isebenze.Imoto yezixhobo zoftware isebenzisa i-AC ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yoomatshini.I-AC nguMthombo owuthandayo kwizixhobo zasekhaya ngenxa yokuthembeka kwayo kunye nokulula.

Izixhobo zebhetri eziphakathi: Nangona i-AC ilawula, i-DC ilungele izixhobo ezinamandla ebhetri.Ezi zixhobo zihlala zibizwa ngokuba yi-adaptha eguqula i-AC ukuya kwi-DC, njenge-AC / DC Disaptal eququzelela kwisokisi yasendle okanye uqhagamshelo lwe-USB.Imizekelo ibandakanya izibane, iifowuni eziphathwayo, ii-tvs zanamhlanje (nge-AC / DC ADES), kunye nezithuthi zombane.Nangona ezi zixhobo zisebenza kumandla e-DC, umthombo wabo wamandla kudla ngokuqala, kunye nokuguqulwa kwe-adaptha.

Inkqubo yokuhambisa: I-AC ineenzuzo ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuhambisa.Ngeenguqu, i-AC inokuguqulwa ngokulula ibe yimibhobho eyahlukeneyo yokufezekisa iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zamandla.Abaguquleli benza kube nzima ukufezekisa umsebenzi ofanayo kwiinkqubo ze-DC, ngoko ke i-AC iguquguquka ngakumbi kwaye isebenza ngokufanelekileyo kusasazo lwamandla.Ukuhanjiswa kweevolimu eziPhezulu kunokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukulahleka kwamandla, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu ekusasazeni umgama omde.Ukuthatha i-voltage yombane engama-250, i-4 Amperes, ukuxhathisa intambo ngu-1 ohm, kunye ne-GOORD, kunye ne-formula \ (P = 2 \ Ilahlekozii-watts ezili-16, ezibonisa inzuzo yosulelo lweevolthi eziphezulu ekunciphiseni ilahleko.

Umzobo we-17: Inkqubo yokuHambisa kwamandla e-AC

Umahluko phakathi kwe-AC kunye ne-DC voltage

Amandla ombane eze kwiifom ezimbini eziphambili: Ukutshintsha okwangoku (AC) kwaye ngqo (DC).Zombini zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zombane, kodwa zahlukile kwizinto zabo, iipateni zomqondiso, kunye nezinye iinkalo.Okokwenza ezi nkcukacha zilandelayo umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-AC kunye ne-DC.

Umzobo we-18: I-Clotlige ye-vs ye-DC. DC Voltage

Ingcaciso kunye nephethini yomqondiso

I-AC Bloblige iqhuba ukuhamba kwe-oscillation yangoku phakathi kwamanqaku amabini, kunye nendlela yokutshintsha kwangoku.Ngokwahlukileyo, i-DC Voltage ivelisa ukungasebenzi okwangoku phakathi kwamanqaku amabini, kunye nendlela yokuphuma kwangoku.I-AC Bloblige kunye neVary yangoku ngokuhamba kwexesha, ihlala ibeka i-sne wave, i-square wave, i-trapezoidal wave, okanye unxantathu.I-DC ingatsala okanye icocekile, kunye nendlela engapheliyo kunye ne-amplity.

Ukusebenza rhoqo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle

I-AC Refquency iyahluka ngokwengingqi, nge-60 hz ixhaphakile eNyakatho Melika kunye ne-50 Hz eYurophu nakwezinye iindawo.I-DC ayinayo i-frequency, enyanisweni, i-frequency yayo i-zero.I-AC ye-AC Rights ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-1, ngelixa impumelelo ye-DC ihlala i-0. Oku kwenza ukuba i-AC isebenze ngakumbi kune-DC kwezinye iinkqubo, ngakumbi ekusasazeni umgama omde.

Ulwalathiso lwangoku kunye nokuguquguquka

I-AC yangoku Isikhokelo sitshintsha rhoqo, sibangela ukuba i-voltage yayo kunye nexabiso langoku lokuqhayisa ngokuhamba kwexesha.I-DC yangoku ikhoyo iguqukile, kwaye i-voltage kunye nexabiso langoku liyazinza.Oku kwenza ukuba i-AC ifanelekile kwimithwalo enamandla, ngelixa i-DC ilungele kakuhle imithombo yamandla azinzileyo.

Imithombo yamandla kunye nokuguqulwa

I-AC ihlala iveliswa ngabavelisi kwaye inokuguqulwa ngokulula kwi-voltages eyahlukileyo esebenzisa abaguquli, baququzelele ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okusebenzayo.I-DC ihlala ivela kwiibhetri okanye iibhetri.Ukuguqula i-DC ukuya kwi-AC ifuna i-inverter ngelixa iguqula i-AC kwi-DC ifuna i-rectifier.

Ukuziqhelanisa nokulayisha

I-AC inokuphatha imithwalo eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanya nokuxhobisa, ukuqubisana nokuxhathisa.I-DC ilungele imithwalo engaziyo.Oku kuqala kwenza i-AC isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zasekhaya kunye nezixhobo ezifana nezitya, iifriji kunye ne-toasters.I-DC ixhaphakile kwizixhobo eziphathwayo kunye ne-elektroniki, ezinje ngeefowuni, i-LCD TV, kunye nezithuthi zombane.

Ukhuseleko kunye nokuSebenza

Zombini i-AC kunye ne-DC ziyingozi ngokwendalo, kodwa i-DC inobungozi kakhulu ngenxa yendlela yayo eqhubekayo kunye noxinano lwangoku.I-AC isetyenziselwa ikakhulu kwikhaya elinamandla kunye nezixhobo zemveliso, ngelixa i-DC ixhaphakile kwizixhobo eziphathwayo zebhetri kunye ne-elektroniki.

Ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kunye nelahleko

I-AC inokudluliselwa ngokufanelekileyo ngaphezulu kweenkqubo eziphakamileyo ze-voltaged (HVDC), ukunciphisa ilahleko ngaphezulu komgama omde.Nangona i-DC inokudluliselwa kwiinkqubo ze-HVDC, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kusulelo lwamandla kuncinci.Iinkqubo ze-HVDC ziphezulu kakhulu kwaye zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo apho ilahleko yevolthi kufuneka incitshiswe.

Utshayela iindidi kunye nohlalutyo

Uhlalutyo lwe-frequency lwe-AC lusetyenziselwa ukubala i-voltage encinci yesekethe.Umsebenzi we-DC uqhubela phambili ubala indawo yokusebenza yombane ochaziweyo ngaphezulu koluhlu lwamaxabiso e-voltage, idla ngokunyuka okumiselweyo.Umsebenzi we-DC ukutshayela uyahambelana nawo nawuphi na umbane uhambisa izinto eziguquguqukayo ze-DC, uneziganga ezivela kwi-100 millecond ukuya kwi-10,000 yemizuzwana ukuya kwi-10,000 yemizuzwana, kwaye unokusebenza ngokusebenzisa i-ramp okanye enxantathu.

Umzobo 19: Umahluko phakathi kwe-AC kunye ne-DC

Ungaguqula njani ivolli ye-DC kwi-DC Voltage

Ukuguqula ukutshintsha inye (i-AC) ukwalathisa okwangoku (i-DC) kubalulekile kumandla ekhompyutha.Le nkqubo isebenzisa iindlela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo, nganye ineempawu ezithile kunye nezicelo.Nazi iindlela ezintathu eziqhelekileyo zokuguqula i-Clotsege kwi-DC Voltage: I-rectiers, abaguquleli be-Rostter, kunye nokutshintsha kweNdlela yokuHamba (i-SMPs).

Umzobo 20: I-AC kwi-DC Amandla e-DC

Ukubuyela kwakhona

I-retaisiers iguqula i-AC ukuya kwi-DC ngothotho lwamanyathelo:

• Ukuncitshiswa kwe-voltage: I-AC ephezulu ye-Inde isebenza ngokufanelekileyo kakhulu, kodwa i-voltage kufuneka incitshiswe ukuze isetyenziswe ngokukhuselekileyo.I-Spanity yenyathelo eliphantsi isebenzisa umyinge ophakathi kweeprayimari nezisentloko ukuba zinciphise i-voltage.Isalathiso esiyintloko sijika siguqukele ngakumbi, siguqula i-voltage ephezulu ukuya kwi-voltage esezantsi, esebenzayo.

• I-AC kwi-DC yokuguqula: Emva kokuba i-voltage incitshisiwe, i-rectifier isetyenziselwa ukuguqula i-AC kwi-DC.I-retaidge egcweleyo egcweleyo inee-Deds ezine zixhaphakile.Ezi ntlobo zeDoodete phakathi kwe-cycles elungileyo nengalunganga ye-AC ukuvelisa i-DC.Iindlela ezimbini ze-Deds ngexesha lokujikeleza okuqinisekileyo kunye nenye indlela yokuziphatha ngexesha lomjikelo osisiqingatha, ukufezekisa ukulungiswa okugcweleyo.

Ukuphuculwa kwe-DC Wave. I-DC ye-DC ye-DC ihlaziywe ineengxowa kunye nokuguquguquka.Amandla agudileyo ngokuthoba i-waveron ngokugcina amandla xa i-inftage inyuka kwaye ikhulule xa i-voltage ihla, ikhokelela kwimveliso ye-DC ye-DC.

• I-DC ye-DC ye-DC: I-Voltage Umlawuli ohlanganisiweyo (i-IC) uzinzisa i-DC Voltage kwixabiso elipheleleyo.I-ICS enje nge-7805 ne-7809 ilawula iziphumo kwi-5V kunye ne-9V, ngokunika amandla okuzinza.

Irester class

Umguquli ojikelezayo sisixhobo esisebenzisa amandla e-ACS kwi-DC amandla e-DC usebenzisa amandla e-kinetic kunye ne-elektromagnetic.

• Ulwakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi: Inemilinganiselo ejikelezayo ye-armating kunye ne-coil.Amandla e-AC ahlaziywe ngu-Adutator ahlanganisiweyo kwi-rotor wiming ukuvelisa amandla e-DC.

• Ukusebenza: I-coil enamandla ijikeleza, imnandipha umoya osisigxina, uvelisa amandla ee-DC.Ingasetyenziselwa njengomvelisi we-AC ngenxa yekhonkco le-AC.

Ukutshintsha umbane (SMPs)

Ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okutshintsha (i-SMPs) yisekethe efanelekileyo yesekelo eguqula amandla kumandla e-DC.

Ukulungiswa kunye nokucoca: Amandla e-AC kuqala aguqulwe ukuba akhuphe amandla e-DC nge-rectififier kwaye emva koko anyibilikiswe sisihluzo.

• Ukuguqulwa rhoqo okuphezulu: I-DC yamandla e-DC iqhubekiswa yi-freequings ephezulu ye-windows (efana ne-mosfets) kwaye iguqulwe ibe ngamandla amakhulu.I-Pullse Imodareyithi yobubanzi (i-PWM) ilawula i-voltage yemveliso kwaye okwangoku.

• Inguqu kunye nolungiso: Amandla aphezulu e-AC alawulwa ngumthengisi kwaye emva koko aguqulwe abuyele kumandla e-DC nge-rectifier.

• Ukucoceka kwemveliso: Okokugqibela, amandla e-DC adlulisela kwisihluzo semveliso ukuze agungqise i-waveform kwaye anike isibonelelo sokuhambisa amandla e-DC.

I-SMPs iqhele ukusetyenziswa kubonelelo lwamandla ekhompyuter, iTVs, kunye netshaja yebhetri ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo kunye nokuguquguquka.Ngokulandela ezi ndlela, unokuguqula i-Clowlige ye-CA kwi-DC voltage, uqinisekisa ukubonelelwa ngamandla athembekileyo kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo ze-elektroniki.

Ukuqukumbela

I-DC kunye ne-AC nganye ineengenelo ezizodwa kunye nemeko yesicelo.I-DC isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki, izithuthi zombane, kunye neenkqubo ezihlaziyiweyo zamandla ngenxa yozinzo lwayo nolwamandla lwamandla afanelekileyo;Ngelixa i-Ac ixhaphakile kumakhaya, amashishini, kunye nokudluliselwa kwamandla omde kangangexesha elide ngenxa yokuququzelela okulula kwe-voltage kunye nosulelo olululo.Ngokwemigaqo kunye nommiselo, ukuqonda imigaqo esisiseko kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza kwe-DC kunye ne-AC inokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokuzinzileyo kwenkqubo yamandla.Ngohlalutyo olunzulu kweli nqaku, abafundi abanakufumana kuphela ulwazi olusisiseko lwe-DC kunye ne-AC kodwa basebenzise olu lwazi ukuze baphucule inqanaba labo lobugcisa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.Ndiyathemba ukuba eli nqaku linokubonelela ngokubhekisele kwi-Resch kunye nesikhokelo soochwephesha kunye neNjineli yezeNtloko zoMbumandla.

Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo [i-FAQ]

1. Uvavanya njani i-AC VS DC?

Ukuvavanya ukuba ingaba i-AC ye-AC okanye i-DC, ungasebenzisa i-Multimeter.Okokuqala, hlengahlengisa i-Multimeter kwimowudi yovavanyo lweevolthi.Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba loluphi uhlobo lomthombo wamandla olisebenzisayo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyivavanye kwindawo ye-AC kuqala.Chukumisa iipensile ezibomvu nezimnyama ezibomvu kunye neziphelo ezimbini zomthombo wamandla.Ukuba i-Multimeter ibonisa ixabiso le-voltage, yi-AC;Ukuba akukho mpendulo, tshintshela kwisikhundla se-DC kunye novavanyo kwakhona.Ukuba ibonisa ixabiso levolli ngeli xesha, yi-DC.Qinisekisa ukuba uluhlu lwe-Multeter lulungile xa lusebenza ukunqanda ukonakala kwimitha.

2. Ukuguqula i-DC kwi-AC?

Isixhobo esidla ngokusetyenziswa ukuguqula i-DC ukuya kwi-AC sibizwa ngokuba yi-inverter.I-inverter yamkela igalelo le-DC kwaye ngokuqhubekayo itshintshela kwicala lesekethe langaphakathiUkukhetha i-Inverter yasekunene kuxhomekeke kwi-voltage yemveliso kunye ne-frequency, kunye nohlobo lomthwalo ofuna ukuqhuba.Umzekelo, xa ukhetha i-inverter yenkqubo yelanga yasekhaya, kuya kufuneka uqiniseke nge-voltage yalo yokuphuma kunye ne-frequency timents zombane zekhaya.

3. Wazi njani ukuba i-DC okanye i-AC?

Ukongeza ekusebenziseni i-Multeter, unokwenza nesigwebo sokuqala ngokujonga uhlobo kunye nelogo yefowuni yomthwalo.Ngokwesiqhelo, i-infting voltage kunye nohlobo lubhalwe kwizixhobo zekhaya.Ukuba iphawulwe "DC", kuthetha ukuba i-DC iyafuneka.Ukongeza, ukuba umthombo wamandla yibhetri okanye ipakethi yebhetri, phantse ihlala iphuma i-DC.Imithombo yamandla engaziwayo, eyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo nesebenzayo kukusebenzisa i-Multeter ukuze uqinisekise.

4. Ngaba iibhetri ze-AC okanye i-DC?

Iziphumo zebhetri ngqo (DC).Iibhetri zivelisa amandla oombane ngokusebenzisa izinto zekhemikhali, kwaye isiphumo sisiphumo esizinzileyo esingazinzanga, esifanelekileyo kwizixhobo eziphathwayo kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki ezifuna ukubonelelwa ngamandla kunye nokuqhubeka kwamandla.

5. Ngaba i-AC ihamba ngokukhawuleza kune-DC?

Impendulo yalo mbuzo ixhomekeke kwinkcazo ye "Ukukhawuleza".If it refers to the speed of current flow, in fact, the speed at which electrons move in a conductor (electron drift velocity) is very slow, whether it is AC or DC.Kodwa ukuba ukusebenza kunye nesantya sosulelo lwamandla kuqwalaselwa, i-AC ingadluliselwa ngokulula kwi-voltage ephezulu ngokuguqula, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa ilahleko yamandla, kwaye kufanelekile ukuhambisa amandla omde.Ukusuka kolu nyeliso, i-AC ihlala ithathelwa ingqalelo "ngokukhawuleza" ngokubhekisele kusulelo lwamandla kwaye lilungile kakhulu kwiigridi ezinkulu ezinkulu.I-DC ikwabonisa nezibonelelo kwizicelo ezithile zanamhlanje (ezinje ngamaziko edatha okanye kwiintlobo ezithile zetekhnoloji yokusasaza umgama omde), ngakumbi ngokunciphisa ilahleko ye-ilahleko.